/* ==========================================================================
   Kuan Huang — academic homepage
   Structure and Markdown loading are based on the academic-homepage-template
   by Sen Li (MIT License). All styling below is original to this site.
   ========================================================================== */

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1. Tokens
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

:root {
    --bg: #fdfcfa;
    /* warm white */
    --bg-band: #f5f3ee;
    /* title area / quiet band */
    --text: #23262a;
    /* dark charcoal */
    --text-soft: #5e636a;
    --accent: #3d5a73;
    /* muted blue-gray, the single accent */
    --accent-deep: #2f4759;
    --rule: #e3dfd8;
    /* thin divider lines */
    --rule-strong: #cfcabf;
    --accent-light: #e2ecf4;
    /* light tint of the accent, used only over the title photograph */
    --masthead-ink: #1b2027;
    --masthead-scrim: rgba(21, 26, 32, 0.66);

    --font: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue",
        Arial, "Noto Sans", "Liberation Sans", sans-serif;
    --font-mono: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, "SF Mono", Menlo, Consolas, monospace;

    --wrap: 1000px;
    --measure: 68ch;
    --nav-h: 3.25rem;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2. Base
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

*,
*::before,
*::after {
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
    margin: 0;
    background: var(--bg);
    color: var(--text);
    font-family: var(--font);
    font-size: 17px;
    line-height: 1.65;
    -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

img {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
}

a {
    color: var(--accent);
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
    text-underline-offset: 2px;
}

a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-deep);
}

:focus-visible {
    outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
    outline-offset: 2px;
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.wrap {
    max-width: var(--wrap);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 1.5rem;
}

.skip-link {
    position: absolute;
    left: -9999px;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 100;
    background: var(--bg);
    color: var(--accent-deep);
    padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--accent);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.skip-link:focus {
    left: 0.5rem;
    top: 0.5rem;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   3. Title area (one static photograph, no slideshow, no decorative
      background text)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

.masthead {
    position: relative;
    isolation: isolate;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 26rem;
    background-color: var(--masthead-ink);
    background-image: url("../assets/img/kean-university-background.jpg");
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: 50% 40%;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
    padding: 3.5rem 0;
    color: #ffffff;
}

.masthead .wrap {
    width: 100%;
}

/* Flat scrim (no gradient) that keeps the title text legible over the
   photograph; the building and the Kean signage stay visible through it. */
.masthead::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    z-index: -1;
    background-color: var(--masthead-scrim);
}

.masthead-eyebrow {
    margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.14em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--accent-light);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.masthead-name {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 2.1rem;
    line-height: 1.2;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    color: #ffffff;
}

.masthead-role {
    margin: 0.6rem 0 0;
    font-size: 1.02rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #ffffff;
}

.masthead-affiliation {
    margin: 0.15rem 0 0;
    font-size: 1.02rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
}

@media (max-width: 47.9375em) {
    .masthead {
        min-height: 19rem;
        padding: 2.75rem 0;
        background-position: 52% 44%;
    }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   4. Navigation
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

.sitenav {
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 50;
    background: var(--bg);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.sitenav-inner {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    min-height: var(--nav-h);
}

.sitenav-brand {
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--text);
    text-decoration: none;
    margin-right: auto;
}

.sitenav-brand:hover {
    color: var(--accent-deep);
}

.sitenav-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.25rem 1.35rem;
    list-style: none;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

.sitenav-list a {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.35rem 0;
    font-size: 0.76rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.09em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-soft);
    text-decoration: none;
    border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
}

.sitenav-list a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-deep);
}

.sitenav-list a[aria-current="true"] {
    color: var(--accent-deep);
    border-bottom-color: var(--accent);
}

.sitenav-toggle {
    display: none;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    background: none;
    border: 1px solid var(--rule-strong);
    border-radius: 3px;
    padding: 0.35rem 0.7rem;
    font: inherit;
    font-size: 0.76rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.09em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-soft);
    cursor: pointer;
}

.sitenav-toggle-bars,
.sitenav-toggle-bars::before,
.sitenav-toggle-bars::after {
    display: block;
    width: 15px;
    height: 1.5px;
    background: currentColor;
}

.sitenav-toggle-bars {
    position: relative;
}

.sitenav-toggle-bars::before,
.sitenav-toggle-bars::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
}

.sitenav-toggle-bars::before {
    top: -5px;
}

.sitenav-toggle-bars::after {
    top: 5px;
}

@media (max-width: 47.9375em) {
    .sitenav-inner {
        flex-wrap: wrap;
        padding-top: 0.55rem;
        padding-bottom: 0.55rem;
    }

    .sitenav-toggle {
        display: inline-flex;
    }

    .sitenav-list {
        display: none;
        width: 100%;
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: stretch;
        gap: 0;
        border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
        margin-top: 0.55rem;
        padding-bottom: 0.35rem;
    }

    .sitenav-list.is-open {
        display: flex;
    }

    .sitenav-list a {
        display: block;
        padding: 0.6rem 0;
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
    }

    .sitenav-list li:last-child a {
        border-bottom: none;
    }

    .sitenav-list a[aria-current="true"] {
        border-bottom-color: var(--rule);
        color: var(--accent-deep);
    }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   5. Sections
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

main {
    display: block;
}

main:focus {
    outline: none;
}

.section {
    padding: 3.25rem 0 0.75rem;
    scroll-margin-top: calc(var(--nav-h) + 0.5rem);
}

.section:last-child {
    padding-bottom: 2.5rem;
}

.section-title {
    margin: 0 0 1.6rem;
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
    font-size: 0.86rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.13em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--accent);
}

.section-body> :first-child {
    margin-top: 0;
}

.section-body p,
.section-body ul,
.section-body ol,
.section-body dl {
    max-width: var(--measure);
}

.section-body p {
    margin: 0 0 1.1rem;
}

.section-body h3 {
    margin: 2.4rem 0 0.75rem;
    font-size: 1.06rem;
    font-weight: 650;
    letter-spacing: 0.005em;
}

.section-body h4 {
    margin: 1.9rem 0 0.6rem;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 650;
    color: var(--text);
}

.section-body h5 {
    margin: 1.5rem 0 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--text-soft);
}

.section-body ul,
.section-body ol {
    margin: 0 0 1.1rem;
    padding-left: 1.25rem;
}

.section-body li {
    margin-bottom: 0.45rem;
}

.section-body li>ul,
.section-body li>ol {
    margin-top: 0.4rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}

.section-body hr {
    border: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
    margin: 2rem 0;
    max-width: var(--measure);
}

.section-body code {
    font-family: var(--font-mono);
    font-size: 0.88em;
    background: var(--bg-band);
    padding: 0.1em 0.35em;
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.section-body em {
    color: var(--text-soft);
}

.note {
    font-size: 0.92rem;
    color: var(--text-soft);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   6. Home: biography + links left, photograph right
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

.home-lead {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 210px;
    gap: 2.5rem;
    align-items: start;
    margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
}

.home-bio> :first-child {
    margin-top: 0;
}

.home-bio p {
    max-width: var(--measure);
}

.home-figure {
    margin: 0;
}

.home-figure img {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    border: 1px solid var(--rule);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

@media (max-width: 47.9375em) {
    .home-lead {
        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }

    .home-figure {
        max-width: 190px;
    }
}

/* Compact inline link row (email, Scholar, ORCID, GitHub, LinkedIn, CV) */
.section-body .link-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.35rem 1.1rem;
    list-style: none;
    margin: 0 0 1.5rem;
    padding: 0;
    max-width: none;
    font-size: 0.94rem;
}

.section-body .link-list li {
    margin: 0;
}

.section-body .link-list a {
    text-decoration: none;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-strong);
    padding-bottom: 1px;
}

.section-body .link-list a:hover {
    border-bottom-color: var(--accent);
}

/* Recent news */
.section-body .news {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    max-width: var(--measure);
}

.section-body .news li {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 7rem minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0 1rem;
    padding: 0.55rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
    margin: 0;
}

.section-body .news li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.section-body .news .date {
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--text-soft);
    padding-top: 0.2rem;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

@media (max-width: 34em) {
    .section-body .news li {
        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
        gap: 0.15rem;
    }
}

/* Older news folds away behind the same disclosure used in Publications; it is
   held to the reading measure so it lines up with the news list above it. */
#home .section-body details.archive {
    max-width: var(--measure);
    margin-top: 1.25rem;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   7. Publications
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/* Entries are plain Markdown lists; the styling is scoped to the section id so
   that contents/publications.md needs no markup of its own. */

#publications .section-body h3 {
    margin: 2.25rem 0 0.9rem;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.12em;
    color: var(--text-soft);
}

#publications .section-body h3:first-of-type {
    margin-top: 1.9rem;
}

#publications .section-body ul {
    list-style: none;
    margin: 0 0 1.25rem;
    padding: 0;
    max-width: 76ch;
}

#publications .section-body li {
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 1.35rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
}

#publications .section-body li::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 0.63em;
    width: 0.4rem;
    height: 1px;
    background: var(--rule-strong);
}

/* Subtle highlight of the site owner's name in the author lists */
#publications .section-body li strong {
    font-weight: 650;
    color: var(--accent-deep);
}

#publications .section-body li em {
    color: var(--text-soft);
}

#publications .section-body li a {
    font-size: 0.9em;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-strong);
}

#publications .section-body li a:hover {
    border-bottom-color: var(--accent);
}

/* Expandable archive of older work */
details.archive {
    max-width: 76ch;
    margin: 2rem 0 1rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

details.archive > summary {
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 0.85rem 0;
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.11em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--accent);
}

details.archive > summary:hover {
    color: var(--accent-deep);
}

details.archive > summary::marker {
    color: var(--rule-strong);
}

details.archive[open] > summary {
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   8. Gallery
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

.section-body .gallery {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
    list-style: none;
    margin: 0 0 1.25rem;
    padding: 0;
    max-width: none;
}

.section-body .gallery li,
.section-body .gallery figure {
    margin: 0;
}

.section-body .gallery img {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    /* original aspect ratio preserved: no cropping, no forced height */
    border: 1px solid var(--rule);
    border-radius: 2px;
    background: var(--bg-band);
}

.section-body .gallery figcaption {
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.86rem;
    color: var(--text-soft);
    line-height: 1.45;
}

@media (max-width: 62em) {
    .section-body .gallery {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    }
}

@media (max-width: 40em) {
    .section-body .gallery {
        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
        gap: 1.25rem;
    }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   9. Teaching
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/* Each entry is a course line followed by its terms on a second line. Scoping
   the colours here keeps contents/teaching.md as plain Markdown: the course
   name stays in the body colour and the terms recede. */

#teaching .section-body li {
    margin-bottom: 0.7rem;
    color: var(--text-soft);
}

#teaching .section-body li strong {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text);
}

#teaching .section-body h4 {
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   10. Standalone pages (projects/index.html, gallery/index.html)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/* These pages carry their own title in the Markdown, so the heading levels are
   styled here and the Markdown files stay plain. */

#projects-md h1,
#gallery-md h1 {
    margin: 0 0 1.4rem;
    padding-bottom: 0.6rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    line-height: 1.25;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

#projects-md h2 {
    margin: 2.5rem 0 0.8rem;
    padding-top: 1.75rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
    font-size: 1.06rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    font-weight: 650;
    max-width: var(--measure);
}

/* Funding, award year, role and amount: compact metadata lines, not bullets. */
#projects-md ul {
    list-style: none;
    margin: 0 0 1rem;
    padding: 0;
    max-width: var(--measure);
    font-size: 0.94rem;
}

#projects-md li {
    margin: 0 0 0.2rem;
}

#projects-md li strong {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-soft);
}

/* Closing "Return to Research Lab" link */
#projects-md > p:last-child {
    margin: 2.25rem 0 0;
    padding-top: 1.25rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
    font-size: 0.94rem;
}

/* Gallery page: the events are group headings, and the photographs sit two to
   a row on wide screens rather than the three the homepage grid used. */
#gallery-md h2 {
    margin: 2.25rem 0 1.1rem;
    font-size: 1.06rem;
    font-weight: 650;
    letter-spacing: 0.005em;
}

#gallery-md .gallery {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

/* A group of more than a few photographs sits three across instead. */
#gallery-md .gallery-3 {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

@media (max-width: 34em) {
    #projects-md h1,
    #gallery-md h1 {
        font-size: 1.35rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 62em) {
    #gallery-md .gallery-3 {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    }
}

@media (max-width: 40em) {

    #gallery-md .gallery,
    #gallery-md .gallery-3 {
        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   11. Footer
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

.site-footer {
    margin-top: 2.5rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
    background: var(--bg-band);
    padding: 1.75rem 0;
    font-size: 0.86rem;
    color: var(--text-soft);
}

.site-footer p {
    margin: 0;
}

.footer-links {
    margin-top: 0.3rem;
}

.footer-links .sep {
    margin: 0 0.4rem;
    color: var(--rule-strong);
}

.noscript-note {
    padding: 2.5rem 1.5rem;
}

.noscript-note h2 {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   12. Motion preferences
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    html {
        scroll-behavior: auto;
    }

    *,
    *::before,
    *::after {
        animation-duration: 0.001ms !important;
        animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
        transition-duration: 0.001ms !important;
    }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   13. Print
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

@media print {

    .sitenav,
    .skip-link {
        display: none;
    }

    body {
        background: #fff;
        font-size: 11pt;
    }

    .masthead {
        display: block;
        min-height: 0;
        background-image: none;
        background-color: #fff;
        color: var(--text);
        padding: 0 0 1rem;
    }

    .masthead::before {
        display: none;
    }

    .masthead-name,
    .masthead-role {
        color: var(--text);
    }

    .masthead-affiliation {
        color: var(--text-soft);
    }

    .masthead-eyebrow {
        color: var(--text-soft);
    }
}